w%mmim 


"a4 


i 


■■/' 


s  y^^y 


Digitized  by  tine  Internet  Arciiive 

in  2009  witii  funding  from 

Boston  Library  Consortium  IVIember  Libraries 


littp://www.arcliive.org/details/liorseitscarefeedOOquak 


^^A  ^.^9 


THE  HORSE  \ 

-  lis  Care  and Tccclin3 

,  if  SCHUMACHER 
*>!^       FEED 

A  Balancea  Grain  Kation 

llclpiiiLlractical  mrormaiioii 
lor  tnc  lloi^se  CKvuer  and  leeclcr 


THE  QUAKEROATS  COMR^T 


N.  B. 

In  feeding  SCHUMACHER  FEED  use  the 
same  quantity  by  weight,  as  you  do  of  natural 
oats.  Do  not  make  an  abrupt  or  sudden 
change  in  the  ration,  but  mix  SCHUMACHER 
FEED  with  your  old  feed,  gradually  mcreasing 
the  amount  until  the  entire  ration  consists  of 
SCHUMACHER  FEED. 


o  the  Horseman: 


In  compiling  this  booklet  it 
has  been  our  endeavor  to  embody 
in  condensed  form  facts  and  infor- 
mation pertaining  to  the  proper 
care,  feeding   and    handling    of 
man's  intelligent  co-worker  and 
assistant,  that  most  useful  of  all  animals-the  horse. 
We  desire  to  make  statistical  facts  herein 
contained  so  interesting  and  absolutely  reliable, 
that  this  publication  will   not  follow   the   usual 
route  of  the  ordinary  advertising  booklet — directly 
to  the  wastebasket,  but  will  at  least  be  retained 
by  the    horse  owner  as    a  dependable  book  of 
reference;  we  therefore  bespeak  for  it  a  careful 
perusal  and  thorough  assimilation    of    its    con- 
tents, embracing  research  of  an  accurate  nature 
and  of  mutually  beneficial  advantage. 

We  have  chosen  for  our  authority  "Feeds 
and  Feeding",  by  Prof.  W.  A.  Henry;  this  work 
has  been  for  nearly  twenty  years,  and  still  is,  the 
standard  text  book  in  all  of  the  leading  Agricul- 
tural Colleges  of  the  English  speaking  world;  we 
have  therefore  gone  at  once  to  the  fountain  head 
of  positive  knowledge  relating  to  our  topic. 

Prof.  Henry  being  eminently  renowned  in 
his  profession,  is   acknowledged  as  the  greatest 


authority  that  ever  lived,  on  the  subject  of  feeds 
and  feeding  and  the  proper  handling  of  domestic 
animals ;  his  whole  life  has  been  devoted  to  the 
thorough  study  of  the  experimental  and  educa- 
tional aspect  of  this  rather  intricate  problem ;  we 
could  not  quote  a  higher  recognized  authority  or 
a  man  more  widely  experienced  and  of  greater 
knowledge. 

SCHUMACHER  FEED 

for  horses  is  a  feed  which  has  been  prepared 
precisely  along  the  lines  suggested  by  Prof. 
Henry  in  his  book.  It  is  no  hap-hazard  mix- 
ture, carelessly  put  together  by  inexperienced 
hands,  but  it  is  the  result  of  careful  scientific 
research  and  years  of  experience  and  experimen- 
ting. It  is  a  finely  ground  grain  ration,  is 
carefully  kiln -dried,  composed  of  corn,  oats  and 
barley  products,  in  just  the  right  proportions 
for  the  best  feeding  results. 

Don't  forget  that  Nature  provided  a  variety 
of  grains  and  that  your  horse  relishes  a  variety 
just  as  you  do.  (SCHUMACHER  FEED  PRO- 
VIDES THAT  VARIETY.) 


s- 


•pa^lNDIAN 


CORN 


Concerning  this 
Prof.  Henry  says :  on  page 
297,  "Next  to  oats,  corn  is  the  common  grain 
for  horses  in  America.  While  conceding  that 
corn  is  not  the  equal  of  oats  as  a  grain  for  the 
horse,  nevertheless,  because  of  the  low  cost  and 
its  high  feeding  value  this  grain  will  be  exten- 
sively used  where  large  numbers  of  horses  must 
be  economically  nourished.  Corn  MAY  be  fed 
whole  to  horses,  but,  generally,  it  is  made 
fine  by  grinding  and  mixed  with  various  other 
concentrates.  Cornmeal  alone  is  a  sodden  sub- 
stance in  the  horse's  stomach,  and  should  be 
diluted  or  augmented  with  some  ingredient  of 
light  character.'' 

(SCHUMACHER  FEED  CONTAINS  CORN 
IN  JUST  THE  RIGHT  PROPORTION  WITH 
THE  OATS  AND  BARLEY  PRODUCTS  FOR 
THE  BEST  RESULTS.) 

The  barley  and  oats  furnish  the  lightener  as 
suggested  by  Prof.  Henry. 

Prof.  Henry  on  page  298  shows  an  exper- 
iment conducted  by  the  PARIS  OMNIBUS  COM- 
PANY, employing  nearly  10,000  horses.  Sixteen 
horses  of  different  ages  having  up  to  the  time 
of  the  experiment  been  fed  with  a  ration  con- 
sisting of  18.7  pounds  of  oats,  1.8  pounds  of  bran, 


J 


with  hay  and  straw  additional,  received  gradually, 
more  and  more  corn  in  place  of  oats  until  after 
one  month  the  oats  were  replaced  with  corn. 
The  horses  weighed  on  an  average  of  1194.1 
pounds  at  the  beginning  of  the  experiment  and 
at  the  end  of  four  months  later,  1219.8  pounds. 
They  were  in  good  flesh  and  had  grown  fat, 
although  they  had  worked  hard  during  that  time. 
It  was  found,  however,  that  they  were  less 
spirited  and  seemed  to  lose  in  energy  when  more 
than  nine  pounds  of  oats  were  replaced  by  corn. 
The  conclusions  were  that  a  mixture  of  6.6  pounds 
of  corn  and  12.1  pounds  of  oats  WILL  PROVE 
MOST  SATISFACTORY  for  work  horses,  the 
ratio  varying  in  each  case  according  to  the  tem- 
perament of  the  animal.  Twenty -five  other 
horses  doing  bus  service  were  fed  11  pounds  of 
oats  and  6.6  pounds  of  corn,  after  a  longer  tran- 
sition period,  with  hay  and  straw  as  before,  and 
after  six  months  equally  favorable  results  were 
obtained.  All  horses  of  the  Company  were  then 
fed  in  this  manner.  They  maintained  their  weight 
and  according  to  the  records  of  the  company 
DID  MORE  WORK  THAN  ON  THE  OATS 
RATION.  The  Company  saved  $9.26  per  horse 
during  the  year  by  the  partial  substitution  of  corn 
for  oats,  or  a  total  of  $92,600.00  on  their  entire 
stable. 


-^ACHER   FEEI 


Note:  That  a  mixture  of  corn  and  oats  is 
better  than  either  alone.  (SCHUMACHER  FEED 
WILL  SAVE  YOU  PROPORTIONATELY.) 

Prof.  Henry  says:  '*Corn  may  be  best  fed 
crushed  to  horses.'*  Similar  reports  as  to  the 
availability  of  corn  for  horse  feeding  are  published 
in  regard  to  the  Berlin  Street  Car  Company,  the 
Berlin  mail  horse  stables  and  the  New  York 
Omnibus  Company. 

BARLEY: 

Prof.  Henry  further  says,  on  page  293: 
^'This  useful  grain — barley — for  the  horse  has  as 
yet  been  little  fed  in  the  Eastern  United  States, 
probably  because  of  its  general  high  price.  On 
the  Pacific  coast,  barley  is  extensively  used  for 
feeding  horses  at  all  kinds  of  work".  (SCHU- 
MACHER FEED  CONTAINS  BARLEY  FINELY 
GROUND.)  Barley  is  one  of  the  most  used  and 
successful  horse  feeds  in  both  England  and  Ger- 
many, where  the  breeding  and  care  of  horses 
has  for  many  years  reached  the  acme  of  perfec- 
tion. Owing  to  its  hard  tough  character  and  the 
consequent  difficulty  of  mastication  barley  cannot 
be  successfully  fed  unless  ground  or  CRUSHED. 


FEEDING  THE  CARRIAGE  HORSE: 

Prof.  Henry  states  on  page  322,  "from  10  to 
12  pounds  of  oats,  or  their  equivalent  (SCHU- 
MACHER FEED  IS  THE  EQUIVALENT  OF 
OATS)  should  suffice  for  the  concentrates,  divided 
into  three  feeds,  the  evening  meal  being  the  largest. 
A  portion  of  the  hay  given  may  be  chopped 
and  moistened  before  feeding;  the  remainder 
may  be  fed  long,  as  the  carriage  horse  has  plenty 
of  time  for  masticating  his  food.  From  10  to 
20  pounds  of  hay  should  be  allowed  in  order  to 
bring  the  total  weight  of  the  ration  within  a  limit 
of  20  to  22  pounds."  (THE  MOISTENED 
CHOPPED  HAY  SHOULD  BE  MIXED  WITH 
SCHUMACHER  FEED  FOR  THE  BEST  RE- 
SULTS.) 

While  the  large  abdomen  cannot  be  tolerated 
in  the  carriage  horse,  we  should  not  forget  that 
there  should  be  a  certain  bulk  or  volume  to  the 
feed  in  order  that  the  digestive  functions  may  be 
properly  maintained.  (SCHUMACHER  FEED 
HAS  THE  CORRECT  BULK.)  Carriage  horses 
are  usually  over -fed  and  under  exercised. 
Where  daily  driving  cannot  be  practiced,  under- 
feeding, rather  than  heavy -feeding,  should  pre- 
vail as  the  safer  course.      Where  the  horse  is 


not  taken  from  the  stable  during  the  day,  the 
concentrates  or  grain  portion  of  the  ration  should 
be  at  once  reduced  one -third  or  one -half  and 
the  normal  allowance  should  not  again  be  given 
until  work  or  exercise  demands  it. 

Prof.  Henry  tells  us  on  page  324,  ''Idle 
horses  having  ample  time  for  masticating  and 
digesting  their  food  can  subsist  almost  wholly  on 
good,  bright  straw.  The  various  straws  rank  in  the 
following  order  as  regards  feeding  value:  oats, 
barley,  wheat  and  rye."  (A  SMALL  QUANTITY 
OF  SCHUMACHER  FEED  ADDED  WILL  KEEP 
THE  HORSE  IN  A  BETTER  AND  HEALTHIER 
CONDITION.) 

FEEDING  THE  WORK  HORSE: 

On  page  323,  Prof.  Henry  says:  Regularity 
in  work  brings  regularity  in  feeding  and  these 
greatly  conduce  to  comfort  and  long  years  of 
usefulness.  The  concentrates  for  work  horses 
can  rarely  consist  wholly  of  oats  because  of 
their  cost.     Rolled  wheat  and  barley  are  excel - 


*  ^  *^M:  ->- 


■X     € 


lent  substitutes  and  cornmeal  may  form  from  one- 
third  to  one-half  the  ration.  (SCHUMACHER 
FEED  CONTAINS  OATS,  BARLEY  AND  CORN- 
MEAL.)  A  small  allowance  of  roots  is  always 
in  order.  The  work  horse  should  be  supplied 
with  about  2  pounds  of  provender  daily  for  each 
hundred  pounds  of  weight.  Of  this  from  10  to 
18  pounds,  according  to  the  severity  of  the 
labor  performed,  should  be  grain  in  some  form. 
The  heavy  feeding  should  come  at  night,  after 
the  long  day's  work  and  when  the  animal  has 
time  for  masticating  and  digesting  his  food. 
After  watering  comes  the  administering  of  the 
grain,  which  should  constitute  from  one -half 
to  two -thirds  of  the  day's  allowance.  This  may 
be  fed  separately,  or  preferably  upon  moistened, 
chopped  hay.  The  amount  of  chopped  hay  with 
which  the  grain  is  mixed  should  not  exceed  one 
peck  in  volume. 

Ground  grain  and  chopped  hay  are  fed  in  mix- 
ed form  that  the  animal  may  masticate  its  food 
and  pass  it  to  the  stomach  more  quickly,  than 
is  possible  with  the  material  whole  and  in  dry  form. 

A  fair  allowance  of  long  hay  should  be 
thrown  in  the  manger  for  the  animal  to  finish 
on  after  the  stomach  is  replenished  and  while 
it  is  resting,  but  still  requiring  more  food. 
The  morning  meal  should  be  comparative- 
ly light,  consisting  mostly  of  grain  with  some 
chopped  hay.  Most  horsemen  hold  that  some 
grain  should  b©  given  at  noon,  which  claim 
seems  reasonable  from  our  knowledge  of  the 
horse's  stomach  and  the  digestive  process.  In 
any  case,  the  amount  of  feed  given  at  noon 
should  not  be  large. 


Prof.  Henry  continues  on  page  325:  Idle 
horses  may  be  maintained  wholly  or  almost 
wholly  upon  hay,  straw  or  corn  fodder.  Forage 
possessing  considerable  volume,  such  as  hay  and 
straw,  is  suitable  for  such  animals,  because  a 
reasonable  amount  will  furnish  the  necessary 
nutriment,  and  it  is  better  to  have  the  digest- 
ive tract  well  distended  with  food  substances 
rather  than  contracted,  as  would  be  the  case 
in  concentrates  possessing  only  the  requisite 
nutriment,  where  supplied. 


ALL  GRAIN  SHOULD  BE  GROUND: 

Prof.  Henry  advises  on  page  325:  For 
horses  taxed  to  the  limit  of  their  endurance,  all 
grain  should  be  ground  and  fed  on  moistened, 
chopped  hay.  (NOTE:  THAT  ALL  GRAINS 
SHOULD  BE  GROUND.  SCHUMACHER  FEED 
IS  FINELY  GROUND  AND  WHERE  POSSI- 
BLE SHOULD  BE  FED  MIXED  WITH  MOIST- 
ENED, CHOPPED  HAY.)  Food  thus  prepared 
is  more  rapidly  masticated  and  consequently 
remains  a  much  longer  time  in  the  stomach.  A 
little  long  hay  may  be  supplied  the  animal  to  be 
consumed  at  leisure  after  the  stomach  is  well 
filled. 


OVER -FEEDING: 

Prof.  Henry  remarks  on  page  327:  **Over- 
feeding  with  hay  is  the  source  of  a  long  list  of 
ills  with  the  horse.  Through  carelessness,  or 
mistaken  kindness,  the  mangers  are  often  kept 
filled  with  hay,  and  because  of  the  long  hours 
of  idleness  in  the  stable  the  horse  falls  in  the 
habit  of  gorging  himself  with  this  provender. 
Not  only  is  there  waste  of  hay  in  such  cases, 
but  whatever  is  eaten  beyond  requirement 
exhausts  the  digestive  system  and  weakens  its 
influence  upon  the  other  nutrients  of  the  ration. 
Staring  coats,  labored  breathing  and  quick  tiring 
are  the  least  serious,  though  probably  the  most 
noticeable  results  of  this  common  practice.  There 
should  be  a  definite  allowance  of  hay  for  the 
horse  at  each  feeding  time,  and  this  should 
always  fall  short  of  what  would  be  consumed  if 
more  were  given." 

VARIETY  IN  FEED  OF  IMPORTANCE: 

It  is  just  as  important  that  a  horse's  diet  con- 
tain a  variety  of  foods  as  it  is  for  man.  No 
man  or  horse  can  keep  at  his  best  if  he  has  but 
one  thing  to  eat,  day  after  day,  week  after  week. 

On  page  328,  Prof.  Henry  says:  ''While 
it  is  true  that  a  horse  can  be  maintained  on  a 
short  dietary  of  oats  and  hay,  it  seem  reason- 
able that  equally  good  or  better  results  are 
obtainable  and  the  cost  of  keeping  often  lessened, 
by  adopting  a  more  extended  bill -of -fare.  Ex- 
periments with  other  domestic  animals  plainly 
show  the  advantages  of  judiciously  formed 
combinations  of  feeding  stuffs  over  any  single  one. 


x^ 


^M..--      ■^•^*-'^' 


^***''^'t 


(SCHUMACHER    FEED     CONTAINS  A   GOOD 
VARIETY,  SCIENTIFICALLY  BALANCED.)    If 

energy  and  spirited  action  were  the  only  qualities 
desirable  in  the  horse,  then,  perhaps,  oats  with 
hay  might  suffice;  but  when  we  consider  the 
number  and  complexity  of  the  components  of 
bone,  tissue  and  nerve,  we  can  well  believe  that 
these  are  better  nourished  by  several  kinds  of 
grain  and  forage  plants  than  by  one  or  two  only'*. 
A  striking  illustration  of  the  value  of  variety 
in  food  and  its  proper  administration  is  shown 
by  Mr.  Charles  Hunting,  a  superintendent  hav- 
ing under  his  care  some  7,000  horses  employed 
in  the  collieries  of  North  England  who  writes  as 
follows:  ''I  was  called  to  a  colliery  in  Durham 
some  time  ago;  the  output  at  this  place  was  de- 
creased from  fifteen  to  twenty  score  per  day 
through  the  horses  being  unable,  from  want  of 


OAKLAWN      FARM 


Chicapo,    111. 

Eire   very  glad  to   'write   you  atout   our  axperience  feeding 

:;k  Peed  to  our  pure  bred  Percheron  and  French,  Coach 
mareB  and  colts.  It  has  proved  erainantiy  aatls:factory  for  this  purpose 
and  v^e  iiave  bsen  usla-^  it  regularly  for  two  years.  We  moisten  the  bran 
fi'-st  .-ind  then  mix  the  Sohumacher  Feed  with  it.  It  has  kept  our  ja»ree 
in  fine  condition  through  the  sviraraer  and  our  colts  are  looking  splend- 
idly. 

V/e   are  feeding  all  our  mares  and  oolts   thia  way  an  we  find  the 
feed  not   only  economical,    but  very  satisfactory  in  the  results   it  pro- 


(ifc  oO -^-^^^-'-i^'^-*-^**- 


SOME   OF   THli:   LJLTNHAM   HORSES 


— ^^"^^^^^ 

SO^RUCKINC   AND 

>        ^STORAGE  CO.  _,^ 


1  GENERAI- 
TRUCKING. 
SHIPPING 

TRANSFERING 

I  VANS  FOR 

MOVWO  1 

FURHlTUM' 
AND  PIANOS 


^^^rooKv  I  :^o^Rx:cKiNG  AND --i 

_STO.AGH  ^  *TOR^  *^^,KKHOUSE 

1  SEPARATE  TRUCKING  OPFICE        (^ffl       ,„M..63Ho^^^^^^^^ 

'         ROOMS  for  28-30-32  Cathie  Street.    |^|^  Ho«P 

HOUSEHOLD  P-°""'^  _      _        >,oV...2Bt^- 190.8 

GOODS         1  VTICA..  >-J^[:i_ 

our  stock  i^^^fg^^""  our  ^^^i°«!^Llnly  Be«*^  °^^  ^.f '■besSes 
savir-g  overeats.      ^^^  ^^,4  certainly       ^^^^     esier. 

3,a  Schumacher  a^^^^^  ^^       igtt     do^  ^^^^  ^..ns. 
rKna"a^-.liaera.le  ^a^  - 

^°°TlucWDg  &  Storage  CO. 


THE 


Gentlefflen;.  ^^^-^elphla.  Pa. 

fag  an  av6rac2         Weighed  aft^t^^  '       0°  Axls-     ^^^^  L  Worses 
*^e8e  hoMfo^®  ^^^^^  ^  7  w?   ^  deeding  thef '^^"^  thirty. 

^^ee   from  sijL^  *°*^1  of^Be^^r^^  «^°i^f  or  an  f^^^  ^Saln  over 

^^  Street  Stables. 


feed 


ROBERT    PATTOi 


The  Qual^er  Oats   company  ^J^Hadelphia     Oct     .^     , 

^ery  respectfully. 


/^ 


^Uerslir  Ibarra. 


Y.    Oct.    2.    1906. 
The  QTiaker  Oats  Co., 

Altany,  U.  Y. 
Gentlemen :- 

I  have  been  feeding  Schnmacher's  Stock  Feed  to  the 
horses  on  Ellerslie  Farm  with  entire  satisfaction. 
Yours  very  truly. 


71.5^.  £c 


Levi  P.  Morton's  Ellerslie  Farm 
Rhinecliff  on  the  Hudson,  B.  Y. 


'PPL 


EES- 


''•Denr 


'";^:Sr-^'"' 


condition,  to  get  the  work  out.  The  animals  were 
miserably  poor,  though  allowed  168  pounds  of 
oats  and  154  pounds  of  hay  per  week  each.  The 
oats  WERE  NOT  CRUSHED  and  the  hay  WAS 
NOT  CHOPPED.  The  horses  were  large,  none 
under  16  hands,  many  16.2.  They  worked  very 
long  hours  and  took  heavy  loads,  but  I  confess 
I  was  astonished  at  their  appearance  after  many 
months  of  such  apparently  liberal  feeding.  On 
September  1st,  their  food  was  changed  to  the 
following  per  week:  — 

CRUSHED   oats 40  lbs. 

CRUSHED  barley 20  lbs. 

CRUSHED  peas 35  lbs. 

Bran 14  lbs. 

Hay 98  lbs. 

The  saving  in  money  on  this  ration  was  9s. 
5Kd.  (equivalent  to  $2.27)  per  horse  per  week. 
Notice,  too,  that  besides  this  saving  in  money, 
their  digestive  organs  had  56  pounds  less  hay 
and  59  pounds  less  grain  to  digest.  Result: 
Within  three  months  this  stud  was  in  excellent 
health  and  condition,  drawing  out  of  the  pit, 
without  any  application  of  engine  power,  about 
twenty  to  thirty  scores  more  per  day  than  when 
I  first  saw  them.'*  (NOTE  THE  GREAT  AD- 
VANTAGE OF  VARIETY  OF  GRAINS,  AND 
OF  CRUSHING  THESE  GRAINS,  SAVING  IN 
MONEY  AND  DIGESTIVE  ENERGY.  NOTE 
THE  SIMILARITY  TO  SCHUMACHER  FEED.) 


NUTRITIVE  RATIO  FOR 
WORK  HORSES: 

Prof.  Henry  says  on  page  276  of  *Teeds 
and  Feeding" :  "Wolff's  experiments  show  that 
a  horse  of  average  size  will  do  medium  hard 
work  and  maintain  his  weight  on  a  ration  con- 
taining about  12  pounds  of  digestible  matter.  A 
nutritive  ratio  of  1:6.4  proved  better  than  the 
narrow  ration  of  1:3.4.  When  heavier  work 
was  done,  a  supply  of  12  pounds  of  digestible 
matter  did  not  suffice  to  maintain  the  weight 
of  the  horse.  This  could  only  be  attained  by 
furnishing  quantities  of  nutrients,  viz.,  about 
15.5  pounds.  (THE  NUTRITIVE  RATIO  OF 
SCHUMACHER  FEED  IS  1 :6.5,  EXACTLY  THE 
RATIO  RECOMMENDED  BY  WOLFF,  AND 
EXACTLY  THE  SAME  AS  THE  BEST  WHITE 
OATS.  SCHUMACHER  FEED  SHOULD, THERE- 
FORE, BE  FED  IN  ABOUT  THE  SAME 
QUANTITY  AS  NO.  2  WHITE  OATS.) 

On  page  284,  Prof.  Henry  says :  ** Referring 
to  experiments  conducted  by  Grandeau  on  a 
ration  with  a  rather  wider  nutritive  ratio  of 
about  1:7,  an  Indian  Corn  and  chopped  straw 
ration  as  against  a  narrow  ration  of  1.3  of 
beans  and  chopped  straw  in  which  the  wider 
ration  of  corn  and  chopped  straw  gave  better 
results  than  the  narrow  ration  of  beans  and 
straw." 

On  page  285,  Prof.  Henry  expressed  his 
opinion  "that  1:7  is  about  a  correct  nutritive 
ratio  for  the  utilization  of  all  components  of 
the  ration  for  the  work  horse". 


MILLET  HAY  UNSAFE  FOR  HORSES: 
Prof.  H.  R.  Smith,  of  the  Nebraska  Agricul- 
tural College,  in  his  book  entitled  *  Profi- 
table Stock  Feeding",  says  on  page  372,  **We 
find  that  as  reported  by  the  North  Dakota  Ex- 
periment Station,  where  a  thorough  investiga- 
tion was  made,  millet,  when  used  entirely  as 
a  coarse  feed  is  injurious  to  horses:  first,  in 
producing  an  increased  action  of  the  kidneys: 
secondly,  in  causing  lameness  and  swelling  of 
the  joints:  thirdly,  in  producing  an  infusion 
of  blood  into  the  joints:  fourthly,  in  destroy- 
ing the  texture  of  the  bone,  rendering  it  softer 
and  less  tenacious  so  that  traction  causes  the 
ligaments  to  be  torn  loose".  This  seems  to 
agree  with  the  experience  of  most  farmers  who 
have  fed    millet  in  liberal  quantities  to  horses. 

ALFALFA  HAY 

according  to  Prof.  Smith,  on  page  373,  in 
"Profitable  Stock  Feeding"  is  well  known  to 
make  animals  drink  more  water,  increasing  the 
action  of  the  kidneys.  Whether  or  not  this  is 
in  any  way  detrimental  to  the  health  of  the  work 
horse  has  not  been  determined.  There  is  also 
a  prejudice  against  it  because  it  has  a  cathartic 
effect,  more  noticeable  when  horses  are  driven 
at  a  trot  before  a  wagon.  It  is  also  true  that 
horses  fed  alfalfa  sweat  more  freely  than  horses 
fed  either  timothy  or  prairie  hay. 


ai^jftellii .»mmd 


WATERING  THE  HORSE: 

On  page  326,  Prof.  Henry  says:  Sanborn, 
studying  the  effects  of  watering  before  and  after 
feeding,  concludes  as  follows: 

1.  Horses  watered  before  feeding  grain  re- 
tained their  weight  better  than  when  watered 
after  feeding  grain. 

2.  Horses  watered  before  feeding  had 
the  better  appetite  or  ate  the  most. 

Splan  writes:  As  to  water,  **I  think  every 
horse  should  have  all  he  wants  at  all  times." 


r 


'i 


t  V 


S^i 


A  man  says:  **Why,  will  you  give  your 
horse  water  before  a  race?  Yes,  before  the 
race,  in  the  race  and  after  the  race,  and  any 
other  time  the  horse  wants  to  drink.  When  I 
said  give  your  horse  all  the  water  he  wants  be- 
fore the  race,  I  do  not  mean  that  you  should  tie 
him  up  where  he  cannot  get  a  drink  for  five  or 
six  hours  on  a  hot  day  in  a  warm  stall,  and 
then  take  him  to  a  pump  and  give  him  all  he 
wants.  What  I  mean  is,  to  give  him  water 
often  and  in  that  way  he  will  take  but  a  small 
quantity  at  a  time.*' 


In  general,  we  would  say  that  horses  should 
have  their  regular  and  largest  supply  of  water 
previous  to  feeding,  and  it  may  also  be  well  to 
supply  a  limited  quantity  after  feeding.  When 
the  horses  come  to  the  stable  heated  and  fa- 
tigued, a  little  fresh  water,  even  if  cold,  may 
be  given  with  beneficial  effect — say  eight  or  ten 
quarts;  then,  when  cooled  off  and  rested, 
what  they  still  require  should  be  supplied. 
When  on  the  road,  a  few  quarts  of  water  can  be 
given  with  safety,  no  matter  how  much  the  horse 
is  heated,  but  a  large  quantity  should  never  be 
supplied  at  one  time.  On  journeys,  water  should 
be  given  every  few  miles. 

PROOF  IN  THE  FEEDING: 

That  SCHUMACHER  FEED  is  the  best,  most 
nutritious,  thoroughly  digestible,  perfectly  bal- 
anced and  absolutely  satisfactory  horse  feed  is 
best  proven  by  the  thousands  of  testimonials, 
we  have  on  file  from  the  most  prominent  breeders, 
trucking  companies,  contractors,  liverymen,  trot- 
ting horse  owners  and  others  who  are  constant 
and  enthusiastic  feeders.  Read  the  testimonials 
in  this  booklet,  they  are  very  convincing  argu- 
ments as  to  why  you  should  investigate  SCHU- 
MACHER FEED  and  commence  to  use  it  in 
your  stables  at  once.  Economy  and  the  best 
interests  of  your  horses  demand  it. 


SCHUMACHER  FEED  has  the  exact  chemi- 
cal analysis  of  the  best  white  oats,  but  SCHU- 
MACHER FEED  gives  variety  and  palatability 
not  secured  in  oats;  is  finely  ground,  giving 
the  highest  possible  digestibility;  being  kiln-dried, 
giving   absolute   safety  against  sickness. 


PUL 


ABOUT  DIGESTIBILITY: 

Do  you  know  that  whole  grains  are  from 
twenty  to  twenty -six  per  cent  indigestible,  or  in 
other  words,  do  you  know  that  from  twenty  to 
twenty -six  per  cent  of  all  the  whole  grain  you 
feed  your  horses  passes  through  them  totally 
undigested?  This  has  been  proven  by  numerous 
experiments :  Notably,  an  experiment  conducted 
by  the  Michigan  State  Agricultural  College  in 
1906,  where  an  experiment  on  six  animals  was 
conducted,  an  average  percentage  of  from  twenty 
to  twenty-six  per  cent  of  whole  grains  passing 
through  undigested. 


f7\ 


CHOPPED  HAY 

ADVANTAGES 

OF  CHOPPED  HAY: 

Professor  Henry  says 
on  page  239  of  ''Feeds 
and  Feeding":  ''the 
practice  of  running  hay 
and  straw  through  the 
feed  cutter,  or  chopping 
it,  is  almost  universal  in 
establishments  where 
large  numbers  of  horses 
are   kept." 

Moore,  some  years  since,  addressed  letters  to 
well  known  agriculturists  of  England,  asking 
for  information  on  this  topic.  He  ascertained 
from  70  per  cent  of  those  replying  that  chopped 
hay  and  straw  was  fed  to  their  stock,  while  20 
per  cent  followed  the  practice  of  partial  chopping 
and  10  per  cent  were  adverse  to  the  practice 
altogether. 

The  advantages  of  chopping  hay  in  establish- 
ments where  large  numbers  of  animals  are  fed 
are  apparent    upon  a  little  reflection.     Where 
hay  is  chopped,  the  addition 
of  I  a  small  amount   of  water 
lays  the  dust  and  the  helper 
can     rapidly    and    accurately 
measure  the  quantity  ordered 
for  each  meal.     Again,  when 
hay  and  straw    are  chopped,    { 
then  moistened ,  and  meal  add-    ^ 
ed,  the  mixture    is    in    con-    ^. 
dition  to  be  rapidly  swallowed ,    \  ■ 
so  that  the  nutri-  , ;  ^  ^, ,  r  {  ^  ^  ^4  v^);  v^  \ 

ment   has   a  ^.-^J'^'  '    V^^  "  '  ,,     ^^^"'^f^'^.. 

longer  ''■-  ^'  ^^  -•?■'">  \t  ^; /?  ^'-^^/'^-a 


i 


time  to  remain  in  the  stomach  for  digestion  than 
is  possible  where  long,  dry  hay  is  fed.  This  is 
an  item  of  importance  with  the  hard  worked 
horses  which  are  in  the  stable  only  at  night.  (A 
HAY  CHOPPER  AND  SCHUMACHER  FEED 
WILL  PAY  YOU  THE  BIGGEST  INTEREST 
OF  ANY  INVESTMENT  YOU  EVER  MADE.) 

EXTRACT  FROM  ADDRESS  OF  DR. 
H.  W.  WILEY,  CHIEF  U.S.  GOVT 
CHEMIST,  WASHINGTON,  D.  C,  AT 
DETROIT,  MICH.,  JUNE  8,  1908. 

*'Now  I  believe  that  there  is  no  business  in 
this  country  which  ought  to  rest  upon  a  more 
scientific  basis,  a  more  ethical  basis,  than  that  of 
the  cattle  feeding.  We  are  getting  segregated 
more  and  more  in  this  country;  that  is,  the  city 
and  the  country  are  getting  further  apart,  and  the 
animals  that  are  kept  in  the  city,  especially 
horses — why,  they  say  that  the  motor  car  has  done 
away  with  the  horses,  but  that  is  not  so  and  never 
will  be— never  !  The  horse  will  always  be  here. 
You  cannot  run  a  motor  car  like  you  can  a  horse. 
You  cannot  take  pride  in  it  like  you  do  in  a  horse, 
and  you  rich  men  will  have  your  teams  of  bays 
and  blacks  now  and  in  the  future,  and  there  will 
be  thousands  and  hundreds  of  thousands  of  ani- 
mals which  will  have  to  be  kept  in  the  city,  and  it 
is  highly  important  that  those  animals  should 
have  a  palatable  and  nutritious  food  so  that  they 
may  not  suffer  in  comparison  with  those  that  are 
given  the  fresh  foods  in  the  country.  And  even 
the  farmer  must  learn  the  art,  either  of  buying  a 
WELL-MANUFACTURED  FEED  or  manufact- 
uring it  himself,  in  order  to  economically  feed  his 


A 


stock.  So  that,  all  along  the  line,  the  movement 
for  a  high-grade  cattle  feed  and  stock  feed  means 
benefit  to  the  manufacturer  and  benefit  to  the 
consumer,  and  the  consumer  and  the  manufact- 
urer must  get  together,  and  we  must  all  get  in 
touch  with  those  who  are  appointed  to  supervise 
this  business  from  a  legal  point  of  view. 

And  that  is  the  way  it  will  be  with  this  great 
trade  in  cattle  feed,  that  great  industry  of  ours  on 
which  so  much  of  our  wealth  depends,  and  the 
farmer  as  well  as  the  merchant  who  keeps  do- 
mesticated animals  will  need  your  assistance  just 
as  the  farmer  needs  the  assistance  of  the  man 
who  makes  his  fertilizer.  Time  and  time  again 
have  the  farmers  tried  to  mix  their  own  fertilizer, 
thinking  it  is  cheaper,  but  they  do  not  find  it  so; 
AND  IF  I  WERE  FEEDING  STOCK,  I  WOULD 
RATHER  TRUST  THE  SKILL  AND  KNOW- 
LEDGE OF  THE  MANUFACTURER  TO  MIX 
MY  CATTLE  FEED  THAT  I  HAD  TO  BUY 
THAN  TO  BUY  THE  RAW  MATERIALS  AND 
TRY  TO  MIX  THEM  MYSELF." 


A  FEW  **DON'TS''  BY  A  PROMINENT 
HORSEMAN: 

Don't  give  the  horse  all  the  water  he  wants 
when  hot,  even  if  you  exercise  him  later.  Give 
him  some;  give  him  a  little  and  more  when  he 
cools  off.  When  on  the  road  a  few  quarts  can 
be  given  him  with  safety  no  matter  how  much  he 
is  heated;  but  large  quantities  should  never  be 
supplied   at  one  time  when  the  horse  is  heated. 

Don't  trot  a  horse  down  hill. 

Don't  put  up  a  horse  at  night  covered  with 
mud  and  water. 

Don't  leave  your  horse  standing  in  the  stable 
for  days  without  exercise. 

Don't  drive  fast  upon  starting  on  long  trips. 

Don't  forget  to  water  horses  often  on  long 
trips. 

Don't  whip  a  horse  when  he  scares ;  he  will 
be  worse  next  time. 

Don't  whip  any  horse  unless  vicious;  — 
there  are  few  of  these. 

Don't  jerk  a  horse  for  any  reason,  either 
with  reins  or  tie -strap. 

Don't  dope  your  horse  with  tonics.  Avoid 
immature  or  soft  corn,  new  oats  and  other 
feeds  that  cause  colic. 

Don't  have  dark  stables.  Sunlight  is  the 
best  known  remedy  for  both  man  and  beast. 

Don't  have  cold  drafts  in  the  stables;  have 
ventilation,  but  avoid  drafts. 

Don't  forget  to  blanket  your  horse  in  cold 
weather  while  standing  out. 

(FEED  SCHUMACHER  FEED  AND  YOU 
WILL  NEVER  NEED  TONICS  OR  HAVE  SICK- 
NESS AMONG  YOUR  STOCK.) 


K 


In  the  foregoing  pages  it  has  been  our  aim  to 
give  you  absolute  facts  and  figures  from  unques- 
tioned authorities  which  are  most  convincing 
proof  of  the  advantages  of  the  most  successful 
horse  feed  ever  compounded— SCHUMACHER 
FEED — a  rational,  natural  horse  feed— a  va- 
riety of  grains  finely  ground,  thoroughly  kiln 
dried,  a  most  palatable,  perfectly  balanced,  safe 
combination  of  the  best  grains  as  demonstrated 
by  the  most  scientific  research.  Its  great  econ- 
omy and  wonderfully  beneficial  effect  upon  your 
horses  will,  after  a  fair  trial,  certainly  make  you 
a  permanent  feeder  of  it. 

This  feed  is  so  well  and  favorably  known 
that  it  is  carried  in  stock  by  most  reliable  deal- 
ers, but  if  your  dealer  does  not  carry  it  in  stock 
write  to  us. 

THE  QUAKEROATS  COMPANY 

CHICAqO,U.S.A 


REINCKE-KREICKERCO. 

ENGRAVERS  —  PRINTERS 

CHICAGO. 


1^ 


yy 


